Sleep and arousal: thalamocortical mechanisms.

@article{citeulike:267598, abstract = {Thalamocortical activity exhibits two distinct states: (a) synchronized rhythmic activity in the form of delta, spindle, and other slow waves during EEG-synchronized sleep and (b) tonic activity during waking and rapid-eye-movement sleep. Spindle waves are generated largely through a cyclical interaction between thalamocortical and thalamic reticular neurons involving both the intrinsic membrane properties of these cells and their anatomical interconnections. Specific alterations in the interactions between these cells can result in the generation of paroxysmal events resembling absence seizures in children. The release of several different neurotransmitters from the brain stem, hypothalamus, basal forebrain, and cerebral cortex results in a depolarization of thalamocortical and thalamic reticular neurons and an enhanced excitability in many cortical pyramidal cells, thereby suppressing the generation of sleep rhythms and promoting a state that is conducive to sensory processing and cognition.}, address = {Section of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA.}, author = {McCormick, D. A. and Bal, T. }, citeulike-article-id = {267598}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.20.1.185}, issn = {0147-006X}, journal = {Annu Rev Neurosci}, keywords = {cognition, rhythms, sleep}, pages = {185--215}, posted-at = {2008-05-03 19:15:50}, priority = {2}, title = {Sleep and arousal: thalamocortical mechanisms.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.20.1.185}, volume = {20}, year = {1997} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:267598 L3 - citeulike-article-id:267598 TI - Sleep and arousal: thalamocortical mechanisms. JF - Annu Rev Neurosci VL - 20 SP - 185 EP - 215 AD - Section of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA. SN - 0147-006X N2 - Thalamocortical activity exhibits two distinct states: (a) synchronized rhythmic activity in the form of delta, spindle, and other slow waves during EEG-synchronized sleep and (b) tonic activity during waking and rapid-eye-movement sleep. Spindle waves are generated largely through a cyclical interaction between thalamocortical and thalamic reticular neurons involving both the intrinsic membrane properties of these cells and their anatomical interconnections. Specific alterations in the interactions between these cells can result in the generation of paroxysmal events resembling absence seizures in children. The release of several different neurotransmitters from the brain stem, hypothalamus, basal forebrain, and cerebral cortex results in a depolarization of thalamocortical and thalamic reticular neurons and an enhanced excitability in many cortical pyramidal cells, thereby suppressing the generation of sleep rhythms and promoting a state that is conducive to sensory processing and cognition. KW - cognition KW - rhythms KW - sleep AU - McCormick, DA AU - Bal, T PY - 1997/// UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.20.1.185 ER -