Evolutionary analysis of the cis-regulatory region of the spicule matrix gene SM50 in strongylocentrotid sea urchins.

@article{citeulike:2685832, abstract = {An evolutionary analysis of transcriptional regulation is essential to understanding the molecular basis of phenotypic diversity. The sea urchin is an ideal system in which to explore the functional consequence of variation in cis-regulatory sequences. We are particularly interested in the evolution of genes involved in the patterning and synthesis of its larval skeleton. This study focuses on the cis-regulatory region of SM50, which has already been characterized to a considerable extent in the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. We have isolated the cis-regulatory region from 15 individuals of S. purpuratus as well as seven closely related species in the family Strongylocentrotidae. We have performed a variety of statistical tests and present evidence that the cis-regulatory elements upstream of the SM50 gene have been subject to positive selection along the lineage leading to S. purpuratus. In addition, we have performed electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and demonstrate that nucleotide substitutions within Element C affect the ability of nuclear proteins to bind to this cis-regulatory element among members of the family Strongylocentrotidae. We speculate that such changes in SM50 and other genes could accumulate to produce altered patterns of gene expression with functional consequences during skeleton formation.}, address = {Department of Biology, Denison University, Granville, OH 43023, USA.}, author = {Walters, J. and Binkley, E. and Haygood, R. and Romano, L. A. }, citeulike-article-id = {2685832}, comment = {15 individuals of S. purpuratus as well as 7 closely related species within the family. Thus 30 intra-specific alleles in total. 1376 ungapped sites, 271 polymorphic sites, }, doi = {10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.01.007}, issn = {1095-564X}, journal = {Developmental biology}, keywords = {cis\_regulatory\_evolution, detecting\_selection}, month = {March}, number = {2}, pages = {567--578}, posted-at = {2008-04-18 02:36:40}, priority = {2}, title = {Evolutionary analysis of the cis-regulatory region of the spicule matrix gene SM50 in strongylocentrotid sea urchins.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.01.007}, volume = {315}, year = {2008} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:2685832 L3 - citeulike-article-id:2685832 TI - Evolutionary analysis of the cis-regulatory region of the spicule matrix gene SM50 in strongylocentrotid sea urchins. JF - Developmental biology VL - 315 IS - 2 SP - 567 EP - 578 AD - Department of Biology, Denison University, Granville, OH 43023, USA. SN - 1095-564X N2 - An evolutionary analysis of transcriptional regulation is essential to understanding the molecular basis of phenotypic diversity. The sea urchin is an ideal system in which to explore the functional consequence of variation in cis-regulatory sequences. We are particularly interested in the evolution of genes involved in the patterning and synthesis of its larval skeleton. This study focuses on the cis-regulatory region of SM50, which has already been characterized to a considerable extent in the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. We have isolated the cis-regulatory region from 15 individuals of S. purpuratus as well as seven closely related species in the family Strongylocentrotidae. We have performed a variety of statistical tests and present evidence that the cis-regulatory elements upstream of the SM50 gene have been subject to positive selection along the lineage leading to S. purpuratus. In addition, we have performed electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and demonstrate that nucleotide substitutions within Element C affect the ability of nuclear proteins to bind to this cis-regulatory element among members of the family Strongylocentrotidae. We speculate that such changes in SM50 and other genes could accumulate to produce altered patterns of gene expression with functional consequences during skeleton formation. KW - cis_regulatory_evolution KW - detecting_selection N1 - 15 individuals of S. purpuratus as well as 7 closely related species within the family. Thus 30 intra-specific alleles in total. 1376 ungapped sites, 271 polymorphic sites, AU - Walters, J AU - Binkley, E AU - Haygood, R AU - Romano, LA PY - 2008/03/15/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.01.007 ER -