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The Effect of Social Support on Exercise Behavior in Older Adults

by: Barbara Resnick, Denise Orwig, Jay Magaziner, Carol Wynne
Clin Nurs Res, Vol. 11, No. 1. (1 February 2002), pp. 52-70.


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The purpose of this study was to test the relationship among social supports related to exercise (family, friends, and expert support),self-efficacy expectations, outcome expectations, and exercise behavior in a sample of older adults living in a continuing care retirement community. The sample included 74 older adults with a mean age of 85.6 +/-5.5.Path analysis using Amos 4.0 was done. The model fit the data (chi-square =4.6,df =3,p =.21,normed fit index of .99,relative fit index of .98,and root mean square error of approximation of .08)and explained 53%of the variance in exercise behavior. Five of the seven hypothesized paths in the model were statistically significant. Friend support indirectly influenced exercise through self-efficacy and outcome expectations. This suggests interventions to improve exercise behavior in older adults should incorporate social supports to strengthen self-efficacy and outcome expectations related to exercise.


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